Non- Biodegradable substances
Observations:
1. Large dams can ensure storage of adequate water which can be used for irrigation. Canal systems leading from dams can transfers water to great distances eg. Indira Gandhi Canal has brought greenary to large areas of Rajasthan.
2. Stored water can be used for generating electricity.
3. Dams also control floods.
What are the reasons for opposition to construction oflarge dams like Tehri Dam on river Ganga?
Large dams Construction causes three problems:
Social Problems: Large numberof peasents and tribals are displaced without adequate compensation or rehabilitation.
Economic Problem: Huge amounts of public money is used in constructing dams without yhe generation of proportionate benefits.
Encironmental Problems: Dam construction leads to deforestation and loss of biological diversity.
What is Narmada Bacho Andolon?
It is a protest against raising ythe height of Sardar Sarover dam on river Narmada.
What is water shed management?
What are the ancient or traditional systems of water harvesting?
Name some of the ancient or traditional water harvesting structure/systems still in use.
Describe the structure of water harvesting structure in largely terrain?
Write significance of water stored in ground.
Why do we need to use coal and petroleum (Fossil Fuels) judiciously?
What are two advantages of giving people control over resources?
1. Controls mismanagement of resources
2. Reduces over- exploitation of these resources.
How is Ganga river getting polluted? Which project has bean laiddown by Government to clean Ganga?
Causes of Pollution
A multicroreproject-- Ganga action plan was imlemented in 1985 to clean Ganga water
What changes can you make in your habits to become more environment friendly?
1.Reduce--
3.Reuse the thing again and again eg. using jam bottles to store some other material
4. Growing plants at your home and in surroundings
5.Stop using products like fur. Ivory from wild life.
Draw diagram of traditional water harvesting system --Khadin System
Refer to Fig16.3 Page No. 276 of NCERT Book
What is Ganga Action Plan and when was it implemented?
It is a massive multi-crore project implemented in 1985.It is to clean the excess pollution from the river Ganga.
Write the causes of pollution in the river Ganga.
How can you detect the presence of pollutants in river?
What is the essential mantra for reduction in pollution in the environment?
Three R's--reduce,recycle and reuse. Discuss
What is sustainable development?
It is not only meets the immediate needs of human society but also leaves sufficient resources for future generations.
Why should we conserve forest?
1. Forest bring rainfall and screen us from wind and sun.
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What is wild life? Why should we conserve it?
1.The term wild life covers any or all non cultivated plants and non domesticated animals in natural surroundings.
2.Wild life has links in the food chain and if any of links is disturbed the balance in nature is disturbed.
3.Wild life also helps in biological control eg. Birds like hawks and snakes eat rats which otherwise will damage our crops.
4.Wild life helps in maintaining that keeps the soil fertile.
5. Trees and vegetation purify air by giving out O2.
6. Trees and vegetation prevent soil erosion by wind and water.
7.Wild species of plants and animals are destroyed by man to satisfy his demands of food , Fashion and sports eg leopard is killed for skin which is warm and decorative, antelops for their horns and many economically useful plants yielding medicines etc. As a result many species have become extinct while others are at the verge of extinction. Thus man needs to preserve this treasure of nature.
Q Steps for conservation of forests
Steps for Conservation of wild life
Why forests are called biodiversity hot spots?
Forests are rich in biodiversity. There are many endemic species of plants and animals found in forest. Since forests are undergoing rapid habitat loss, there is danger of many species becoming extinct. Thus forests are priority areas for conservation so these are called hot spots.
What are the causes of damage to forests?
Why biodiversity is important?
1.It is important for stability of an ecosystem.
2. It is important for the well being and healthy functioning of an ecosystem.
Enlist the stakeholders who should be considered, while we think of conservation of forest
The stakeholders are
What do the local people need from the forest?
Discuss how the forests have been damaged/ affected after they had been taken over by the Forest Department of our Goverment.
Does prejudice against traditionl use of Forest areas have any basis? Justify your answer.
Quote three instances where human intervention saved the forests from destruction
2. A.K.Banerjee. A forest officer involved the villagers in reviving the Sal forests in Arabari Forest range of Midnapur district. He involved local villagers to protect 1,272 hectares of badly degraded Sal Forests. Employment was given in both Silviculture and Harvesting operations. They were allowed to take 25% of the final harvest, fuel wood and fodder collection on payment of a nomianl fee. Sal Forests recovered remarkably by 1983 and the Forest were valued at Rs 12.5 Crores.